Yıldız Palace (Turkish: Yıldız Sarayı) is a palace in Istanbul, Turkey. It was the primary residence of the Ottoman sultans from the 19th century to the early 20th century. The palace is located on the European side of the Bosphorus, in the Yıldız district. The palace complex consists of several buildings, including the main palace, the Harem, and the Yıldız Park. The main palace is a large, two-story building with a central courtyard. The Harem is a complex of buildings that housed the wives and concubines of the sultans. The Yıldız Park is a large park with gardens, fountains, and pavilions. The palace is open to the public, and is one of the most popular tourist attractions in Istanbul.

1. History: Yıldız Palace was initially constructed as a hunting lodge in the 18th century during the reign of Sultan Ahmed I. However, it gained prominence and expanded under Sultan Abdul Hamid II (r. 1876-1909), who transformed it into a larger palace complex.

2. Architecture and Layout: The palace complex is situated in the Yıldız Park, a large park area in Istanbul. The architecture of Yıldız Palace combines various styles, including Ottoman, neoclassical, and traditional Turkish elements. It consists of several pavilions, kiosks, and gardens spread over a vast area.

3. Function and Significance: Yıldız Palace served as the primary residence of Sultan Abdul Hamid II and his family during his reign. It functioned as both a private residence and a center of state affairs. The palace complex was known for its beauty and grandeur, with stunning views of the Bosphorus.

4. Pavilions and Buildings: The palace complex encompasses several pavilions and buildings, each with its own unique architectural features. Some of the notable structures within Yıldız Palace include the Şale Köşkü (Chalet Pavilion), Malta Köşkü (Malta Pavilion), Çadır Köşkü (Tent Pavilion), Yıldız Porcelain Factory, and the imperial theater.

5. Gardens and Park: Yıldız Palace is surrounded by extensive gardens and a park, known as Yıldız Parkı. The park is a popular recreational area for locals and visitors alike, offering scenic walking paths, lush greenery, and picnic spots. It provides a peaceful retreat from the bustling city.

6. Museums and Cultural Centers: In addition to the palace complex, Yıldız Park houses several museums and cultural centers. The most notable among them is the Yıldız Palace Museum, which exhibits furniture, artifacts, and personal belongings of the Ottoman sultans.

7. Visiting Information: Yıldız Park and the Yıldız Palace Museum are open to visitors. It is advisable to check the official websites or contact local tourist information centers for the most up-to-date visiting hours, admission fees, and any special exhibitions or events.

Yıldız Palace stands as a testament to the grandeur and architectural beauty of the late Ottoman period. Its picturesque location, rich history, and well-preserved buildings make it an interesting destination for those interested in Ottoman culture, history, and architecture.