Ankara, Turkey’s capital and second-largest city, is often overshadowed by Istanbul, yet it is a city rich with history, culture, and beautiful sites. As the seat of the Turkish government and home to many historical landmarks, museums, and modern attractions, Ankara offers a unique blend of the old and the new. Whether you’re interested in Turkey’s ancient past, its modern development, or just enjoying the city’s parks and monuments, Ankara has something for everyone. Here’s a detailed guide to the most beautiful places to visit in Ankara.

1. Anıtkabir

One of Ankara’s most iconic landmarks is Anıtkabir, the mausoleum of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, the founder of modern Turkey. Located on a hill, this monumental structure is an impressive example of modern Turkish architecture and is a symbol of national pride. The mausoleum, completed in 1953, combines traditional and modern design elements and is surrounded by a vast ceremonial plaza.

Visitors can walk down the Lion’s Road, flanked by 24 stone lions, to reach the main building. Inside, you’ll find Atatürk’s tomb and a museum that details his life and the founding of the Turkish Republic. The museum features personal belongings, documents, and photographs that paint a vivid picture of Atatürk’s legacy. The changing of the guard ceremony, which happens several times a day, is also a significant event to witness.

The surrounding park and gardens provide a peaceful environment for reflection, and the views of the city from Anıtkabir are breathtaking. Anıtkabir is not only a place for history lovers but also a symbol of Turkey’s modern identity, making it a must-visit for anyone traveling to Ankara.

2. Museum of Anatolian Civilizations

Ankara is home to one of the most important museums in Turkey, the Museum of Anatolian Civilizations. Located at the foot of Ankara Castle, this museum houses a vast collection of artifacts from various ancient civilizations that have inhabited Anatolia (modern-day Turkey). The museum is housed in two restored Ottoman buildings, which add to its historical charm.

The collection spans from the Paleolithic era through the Hittite, Phrygian, Urartian, and Lydian civilizations, up to the Roman and Byzantine periods. Highlights include Hittite reliefs, Bronze Age artifacts, and early human tools. The museum’s exhibits are well-organized and provide a comprehensive look at the region’s ancient history. It’s a must-see for history enthusiasts and anyone interested in Turkey’s rich archaeological heritage.

3. Ankara Castle (Ankara Kalesi)

For a panoramic view of the city and a journey through Ankara’s ancient history, visit Ankara Castle (Ankara Kalesi). Perched on a hill overlooking the city, this ancient fortress dates back to Roman times, though it was expanded and modified by the Byzantines, Seljuks, and Ottomans. Its strategic location made it a key defensive structure throughout history.

The castle’s walls and towers are still standing, and visitors can walk along the ramparts and enjoy the stunning views of the city below. Inside the castle’s walls, you’ll find a charming neighborhood with narrow cobblestone streets, traditional houses, and small shops selling handicrafts and souvenirs.

The climb to the top of the castle might be steep, but the reward is worth it. From the top, you’ll get a 360-degree view of Ankara, and on a clear day, you can see far beyond the city. The castle is also surrounded by several museums and cafes, making it a great starting point for exploring Ankara’s old town.

4. Kocatepe Mosque

Kocatepe Mosque is one of the largest and most stunning mosques in Turkey. Located in the Kocatepe neighborhood, it was completed in 1987 after many years of construction. The mosque’s architecture is a blend of classical Ottoman and modern styles, with its massive dome and four towering minarets dominating the skyline.

The interior of the mosque is just as impressive as the exterior, with intricate tile work, marble columns, and an enormous chandelier. The mosque can hold up to 24,000 worshippers, making it one of the largest places of worship in the country. Whether you are religious or not, Kocatepe Mosque is a beautiful and peaceful place to visit.

Visitors are welcome to enter the mosque outside of prayer times, and it’s a great opportunity to experience the grandeur of Turkish Islamic architecture. The mosque is also lit up at night, creating a stunning scene that’s particularly photogenic.

5. Atatürk Forest Farm and Zoo (Atatürk Orman Çiftliği)

For a peaceful escape from the busy city, visit the Atatürk Forest Farm and Zoo (Atatürk Orman Çiftliği). This large agricultural and recreational area was established by Mustafa Kemal Atatürk in the 1920s as a model farm. Today, it serves as a public park and zoo, offering visitors a chance to relax and enjoy nature.

The farm produces organic produce, dairy products, and honey, which can be purchased at the farm’s market. Visitors can also enjoy a meal at the traditional Turkish restaurants on-site, which serve specialties like kokoreç (grilled lamb intestines) and fresh yogurt.

While the zoo is relatively small, it’s home to a variety of animals, including lions, bears, and monkeys. The farm also includes a replica of Atatürk’s house, which was originally located in Thessaloniki, Greece, offering a glimpse into the life of the founder of modern Turkey.

6. Gençlik Park

Located in the heart of Ankara, Gençlik Park is one of the city’s oldest and most beloved public parks. Established in 1943, the park covers over 70 hectares and offers plenty of green space for leisurely walks, picnics, or simply relaxing by the water. At the center of the park is a large man-made lake, where visitors can rent paddle boats or simply enjoy the view.

The park is also home to an amusement park, which includes various rides and attractions for children. In the evening, the park comes alive with colorful fountains, which are illuminated and choreographed to music. Gençlik Park is popular among families and couples, offering a peaceful respite from the busy city.

7. Hamamönü

For a taste of traditional Ankara, visit the Hamamönü district, a beautifully restored neighborhood that showcases Ottoman-era architecture. Located near Ankara Castle, Hamamönü is a charming area filled with narrow, winding streets, traditional wooden houses, and small cafes and shops.

This area has undergone significant restoration in recent years, transforming it into a cultural hub where visitors can experience the old-world charm of Ankara. Many of the old houses have been converted into boutique hotels, restaurants, and art galleries. The area is also home to several historical landmarks, including the Karacabey Mosque and the Taceddin Dervish Lodge.

Hamamönü is a great place to wander and get lost in its atmospheric streets. It’s also a fantastic spot to try some traditional Turkish cuisine, as there are many restaurants serving dishes like mantı (Turkish dumplings), gözleme (stuffed flatbreads), and baklava.

8. CerModern

For art lovers, CerModern is Ankara’s premier contemporary art center. Housed in a renovated railway depot, CerModern features rotating exhibitions of modern and contemporary Turkish and international artists. The center also hosts workshops, film screenings, and cultural events throughout the year.

The venue itself is a work of art, blending modern architecture with the industrial history of the building. It’s a great place to explore Ankara’s growing contemporary art scene and a peaceful spot to enjoy a coffee in the on-site café, which overlooks the beautiful gardens.

9. The Presidential Complex (Cumhurbaşkanlığı Külliyesi)

Ankara is the political heart of Turkey, and the Presidential Complex is an important symbol of the country’s government. The complex, located in Beştepe, includes the Presidential Palace, which is the official residence of the President of Turkey. The palace is an impressive architectural feat, blending modern and traditional Turkish design elements.

While the interiors of the palace are not open to the public, the Presidential Library and Presidential Symphony Orchestra Hall are. The library is one of the largest in Turkey, with millions of books and a beautiful reading room. The Symphony Hall hosts regular performances and is a great place to experience Turkey’s rich musical culture.

10. Hacı Bayram Mosque

Hacı Bayram Mosque is one of the oldest and most significant mosques in Ankara. Located near the Temple of Augustus, the mosque was built in the 15th century in honor of Hacı Bayram Veli, a famous Sufi poet and the founder of the Bayrami Sufi order.

The mosque has been beautifully restored and features intricate wooden carvings, Iznik tiles, and a peaceful courtyard. It’s a popular pilgrimage site for many Turkish Muslims, and the surrounding area is filled with small shops and cafes. The juxtaposition of the mosque next to the ancient Roman Temple of Augustus is a fascinating example of Ankara’s rich historical layers.

Essential Travel Tips for Visiting Ankara

1. Best Time to Visit: The best time to visit Ankara is during the spring (April to June) and fall (September to November) when the weather is mild and pleasant. Summers can be hot, while winters are cold with occasional snowfall.

2. Getting Around: Ankara has a well-developed public transportation system, including buses, trams, and the Ankaray metro system. Taxis are also widely available. The city is relatively easy to navigate, and walking is a pleasant way to explore many of the central districts.

3. Language: Turkish is the official language, but many people in tourist areas speak English. It’s always a good idea to learn a few basic Turkish phrases to make your experience more enjoyable.

4. Currency: The currency in Turkey is the Turkish Lira (TRY). Credit cards are widely accepted, but it’s helpful to carry some cash for smaller establishments or markets.

5. Dress Code: While Ankara is a modern city, it’s important to dress modestly when visiting religious sites such as mosques. Women should cover their heads and shoulders, and men should avoid wearing shorts.

Conclusion

Ankara may not be as well-known as Istanbul, but it offers a wealth of cultural, historical, and modern attractions that make it a fascinating and beautiful destination. Whether you’re exploring ancient ruins, visiting Atatürk’s mausoleum, or enjoying the city’s vibrant art scene, Ankara has something for every traveler. With its rich history and modern amenities, it’s a city that deserves to be on every traveler’s itinerary when visiting Turkey.